Incident Summary:
12/02/2015: Two assailants opened fire on a holiday party at the Inland Regional Center for disabled people in San Bernardino, California, United States. The assailants also attempted to trigger an explosive device, which failed to detonate. Fourteen people were killed and at least 17 people were injured in the attack. Both assailants, identified as Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, fled the scene but were located and killed in a shootout with police later the same day. No group claimed responsibility for the incident, but the assailants were inspired by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).
Overview
GTD ID:
201512020012
When:
2015-12-02
Country:
United States
Region:
North America
Province/administrative
region/u.s. state:
California
City:
San Bernardino
What
Attack Information
| Type of Attack () |
Armed Assault |
| Type of Attack () |
Bombing/Explosion |
| Successful Attack? () |
Yes |
Target Information ()
| Target Type: Government (General) |
|---|
| Name of Entity |
San Bernardino Department of Public Health |
| Specific Description |
Holiday Party |
| Nationality of Target |
United States |
Additional Information
| Hostages |
No |
| Ransom |
No |
| Property Damage |
No |
How
Weapon Information
| Type |
Sub-type |
| Explosives |
Remote Trigger |
| Firearms |
Automatic Weapon |
| Firearms |
Handgun |
| Weapon Details |
|---|
| A remote-controlled explosive device containing three pipe bombs, .223 AR-15 semiautomatic rifles, and 9-mm semiautomatic pistols were used in the attack. |
Additional Information
| Suicide Attack? | No |
| Part of Multiple Incident? | No |
| Criterion 1 () |
Yes |
| Criterion 2 () |
Yes |
| Criterion 3 () |
Yes |
| Doubt Terrorism Proper () |
No |
| Additional Information |
Casualty numbers for this incident conflict across sources. Following GTD protocol, the majority reliable estimates are reported here. |
Who
Perpetrator Group Information
| Group Name |
Claimed Responsibility |
| Jihadi-inspired extremists |
No |
Perpetrator Statistics
| Number of Perpetrators |
2 |
| Number of Captured Perpetrators |
0 |
Casualty Information
| Total Number of Casualties |
16 Fatalities / 17 Injured |
| Total Number of Fatalities |
16 |
| Number of U.S. Fatalities |
15 |
| Number of Perpetrator Fatalities |
2 |
| Total Number of Injured |
17 |
| Number of U.S. Injured |
17 |
| Number of Perpetrators Injured |
0 |
Sources
Sources
| "ISIS goes global: Mapping 50 ISIS attacks that kill 1,100 in 18 countries," CNN Wire, December 17, 2015. |
| "UPDATE 3-Islamic State says California killers of 14 were their followers," Reuters, December 5, 2015. |
| "San Bernardino shootings: Pipe bombs found in house of suspects Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik," International Business Times UK, December 3, 2015. |
Criteria
Criteria 1
The act must be aimed at attaining a political, economic, religious, or social goal. In terms of economic goals, the exclusive pursuit of profit does not satisfy this criterion. It must involve the pursuit of more profound, systemic economic change.
Criterion 2
There must be evidence of an intention to coerce, intimidate, or convey some other message to a larger audience (or audiences) than the immediate victims. It is the act taken as a totality that is considered, irrespective if every individual involved in carrying out the act was aware of this intention. As long as any of the planners or decision-makers behind the attack intended to coerce, intimidate or publicize, the intentionality criterion is met.
Criterion 3
The action must be outside the context of legitimate warfare activities. That is, the act must be outside the parameters permitted by international humanitarian law (particularly the prohibition against deliberately targeting civilians or non-combatants.
Doubt Terrorism Proper
The existence of a "Yes" for "Doubt Terrorism Proper?" records reservation, in the eyes of GTD analysts, that the incident in question is truly terrorism. Such uncertainty, however, was not deemed to be sufficient to disqualify the incident from inclusion into the GTD. Furthermore, such a determination of doubt is subsequently coded by GTD analysts as conforming to one of four possible alternative designations: 1) Insurgency/Guerilla Action; 2) Internecine Conflict Action; 3) Mass Murder; or 4) Purely Criminal Act.
Alternate Designation
The determination of "yes" for "Doubt Terrorism Proper" by GTD analysts is coded as conforming to one of four possible alternative designations: 1) Insurgency/Guerilla Action; 2) Internecine Conflict Action; 3) Mass Murder; or 4) Purely Criminal Act.
Successful Attack
Success of a terrorist strike is defined according to the tangible effects of the attack. For example, in a typical successful bombing, the bomb detonates and destroys property and/or kills individuals, whereas an unsuccessful bombing is one in which the bomb is discovered and defused or detonates early and kills the perpetrators. Success is not judged in terms of the larger goals of the perpetrators. For example, a bomb that exploded in a building would be counted as a success even if it did not, for example, succeed in bringing the building down or inducing government repression.
Type of Attack
This field captures the general method of attack and often reflects the broad class of tactics used. It consists of the following nine categories:
- Assassination
- Armed Assault
- Unarmed Assault
- Bombing/Explosion
- Hijacking
- Hostage taking (Barricade Incident)
- Hostage taking (Kidnapping)
- Facility / Infrastructure Attack
- Unknown
Target Information
This field captures the general type of target. It consists of the following 22 categories:
- Abortion Related
- Airports & Airlines
- Business
- Government (General)
- Government (Diplomatic)
- Educational Institution
- Food or Water Supply
- Journalists & Media
- Maritime (includes Ports and Maritime facilities)
- Military
- NGO
- Other
- Police
- Private Citizens & Property
- Religious Figures/Institutions
- Telecommunication
- Terrorists
- Tourists
- Transportation (other than aviation)
- Unknown
- Utilities
- Violent Political Parties
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