Incident Summary:
03/22/2015: Assailants opened fire on Syrian Armed Forces (SAF) soldiers, Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces (IRIAF) soldiers, and Hezbollah members with guns and projectiles in Busra town, Daraa governorate, Syria. At least 45 people, including dozens of soldiers and 21 assailants, were killed and several others were injured in the ensuing clash, which lasted until March 25, 2015. Jaysh al-Islam (Syria) and the Southern Front separately claimed responsibility for the attack. The Southern Front stated that the incident was carried out in response to the mobilization of troops in the area.
Overview
GTD ID:
201503220030
When:
2015-03-22
Country:
Syria
Region:
Middle East & North Africa
Province/administrative
region/u.s. state:
Daraa
City:
Busra
What
Attack Information
| Type of Attack () |
Armed Assault |
| Successful Attack? () |
Yes |
Target Information ()
| Target Type: Military |
|---|
| Name of Entity |
Syrian Armed Forces (SAF) |
| Specific Description |
Forces |
| Nationality of Target |
Syria |
| Target Type: Military |
|---|
| Name of Entity |
Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces (IRIAF) |
| Specific Description |
Forces |
| Nationality of Target |
Iran |
| Target Type: Terrorists/Non-state Militia |
|---|
| Name of Entity |
Hizballah |
| Specific Description |
Members |
| Nationality of Target |
Lebanon |
Additional Information
| Hostages |
No |
| Ransom |
No |
| Property Damage |
No |
How
Weapon Information
| Type |
Sub-type |
| Explosives |
Projectile (rockets, mortars, RPGs, etc.) |
| Firearms |
Automatic Weapon |
| Weapon Details |
|---|
| Tanks and machine guns were used in the attack. |
Additional Information
| Suicide Attack? | No |
| Part of Multiple Incident? | No |
| Criterion 1 () |
Yes |
| Criterion 2 () |
Yes |
| Criterion 3 () |
No |
| Doubt Terrorism Proper () |
Yes |
| Alternate Designation () |
Insurgency/Guerilla Action |
| Additional Information |
Casualty numbers for this incident conflict across sources. Following GTD protocol, the most recent reliable estimates are reported here. |
Who
Perpetrator Group Information
| Group Name |
Claimed Responsibility |
| Jaysh al-Islam (Syria) |
Yes (Confirmed: Unknown; Mode: Posted to website, blog, etc.) |
| Southern Front |
Yes (Confirmed: Unknown; Mode: Personal claim) |
Perpetrator Statistics
| Number of Perpetrators |
Unknown |
| Number of Captured Perpetrators |
0 |
Casualty Information
| Total Number of Casualties |
45 Fatalities |
| Total Number of Fatalities |
45 |
| Number of U.S. Fatalities |
0 |
| Number of Perpetrator Fatalities |
21 |
| Total Number of Injured |
Unknown |
| Number of U.S. Injured |
0 |
| Number of Perpetrators Injured |
Unknown |
Sources
Sources
| "Mainstream Syrian rebels seize historic town in south: monitor," Reuters, March 25, 2015. |
| "Opposition forces in Syria claim control of town near Jordanian border," Los Angeles Times, March 25, 2015. |
| "Syrian government helicopter crashes; crew captured by rebels," ABC Online, March 23, 2015. |
Criteria
Criteria 1
The act must be aimed at attaining a political, economic, religious, or social goal. In terms of economic goals, the exclusive pursuit of profit does not satisfy this criterion. It must involve the pursuit of more profound, systemic economic change.
Criterion 2
There must be evidence of an intention to coerce, intimidate, or convey some other message to a larger audience (or audiences) than the immediate victims. It is the act taken as a totality that is considered, irrespective if every individual involved in carrying out the act was aware of this intention. As long as any of the planners or decision-makers behind the attack intended to coerce, intimidate or publicize, the intentionality criterion is met.
Criterion 3
The action must be outside the context of legitimate warfare activities. That is, the act must be outside the parameters permitted by international humanitarian law (particularly the prohibition against deliberately targeting civilians or non-combatants.
Doubt Terrorism Proper
The existence of a "Yes" for "Doubt Terrorism Proper?" records reservation, in the eyes of GTD analysts, that the incident in question is truly terrorism. Such uncertainty, however, was not deemed to be sufficient to disqualify the incident from inclusion into the GTD. Furthermore, such a determination of doubt is subsequently coded by GTD analysts as conforming to one of four possible alternative designations: 1) Insurgency/Guerilla Action; 2) Internecine Conflict Action; 3) Mass Murder; or 4) Purely Criminal Act.
Alternate Designation
The determination of "yes" for "Doubt Terrorism Proper" by GTD analysts is coded as conforming to one of four possible alternative designations: 1) Insurgency/Guerilla Action; 2) Internecine Conflict Action; 3) Mass Murder; or 4) Purely Criminal Act.
Successful Attack
Success of a terrorist strike is defined according to the tangible effects of the attack. For example, in a typical successful bombing, the bomb detonates and destroys property and/or kills individuals, whereas an unsuccessful bombing is one in which the bomb is discovered and defused or detonates early and kills the perpetrators. Success is not judged in terms of the larger goals of the perpetrators. For example, a bomb that exploded in a building would be counted as a success even if it did not, for example, succeed in bringing the building down or inducing government repression.
Type of Attack
This field captures the general method of attack and often reflects the broad class of tactics used. It consists of the following nine categories:
- Assassination
- Armed Assault
- Unarmed Assault
- Bombing/Explosion
- Hijacking
- Hostage taking (Barricade Incident)
- Hostage taking (Kidnapping)
- Facility / Infrastructure Attack
- Unknown
Target Information
This field captures the general type of target. It consists of the following 22 categories:
- Abortion Related
- Airports & Airlines
- Business
- Government (General)
- Government (Diplomatic)
- Educational Institution
- Food or Water Supply
- Journalists & Media
- Maritime (includes Ports and Maritime facilities)
- Military
- NGO
- Other
- Police
- Private Citizens & Property
- Religious Figures/Institutions
- Telecommunication
- Terrorists
- Tourists
- Transportation (other than aviation)
- Unknown
- Utilities
- Violent Political Parties
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