A Department of Homeland Security Emeritus Center of Excellence led by the University of Maryland

Emergency Preparedness and Management


Emergency Preparedness and Management

Project Title Investigators Project Period
Monitor and Mitigate the Impact of COVID-19 on Public Safety Amy Pate, Barnett S. Koven, Nathan Meehan September, 2020 to December, 2021
Program to Prepare Communities for Complex Coordinated Terrorist Attacks Erin Miller October, 2017 to August, 2019
How Forecasters Decide to Warn: Insights on Tornado Risk Communication from the Southeast U.S. Brooke Liu, Anita Atwell Seate September, 2017 to August, 2019
The Arctic All-Hazards GIS Platform Marcus A. Boyd September, 2018 to June, 2019
A Toolkit for Preventing Targeted Violence on College Campuses Gary LaFree July, 2017 to July, 2018
Social Identity and Perceptions of Counterterrorism Demis Glasford July, 2012 to December, 2017
Towards an Understanding of Explosive Detection Technology Adoption: Results from Two Surveys Brooke Liu May, 2016 to June, 2017
School Emergency Public Information and Warning/Information Sharing Brooke Liu, Holly Roberts October, 2015 to September, 2016
Understanding Tornado Warnings, False Alarms, and Complacency, and Proposing Theory-Directed Solutions for Effective Warnings Michael Egnoto, Brooke Liu October, 2015 to September, 2016
International and Regional Architecture Reports Brandon Behlendorf, Emily Iarocci, Gary Ackerman, Steve Sin May, 2012 to September, 2015
Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) Process John Sawyer, Steve Sin September, 2014 to June, 2015
PRND Capability Development Framework Mapping John Sawyer, Marcus A. Boyd December, 2012 to June, 2015
Comprehensive Testing of Imminent Threat Public Messages for Mobile Devices (MDP) Brooke Liu, Hamilton Bean, Marcus A. Boyd, Michele Wood June, 2012 to June, 2015
Social Media Use during Disasters Brooke Liu July, 2012 to October, 2013
Training in Risk and Crisis Communication (TRACC) Brooke Liu, Elizabet Petrun Sayers, Katherine Worboys Izsak August, 2011 to October, 2013
An Integrated Conception of Community Resilience Betty Pfefferbaum, Fran Norris, Kathleen Sherrieb March, 2010 to February, 2012
Building Community Resilience through Public Involvement: The Extended Community Assessment of Resilience Tool (CART-E) Betty Pfefferbaum June, 2008 to December, 2011
Organizational Factors in the Successful Application of 'Community Engagement' Principles for Bioterrorism Preparedness Monica Schoch-Spana June, 2008 to December, 2011
Domestic Weapons of Mass Destruction: Populations at Risk from U.S. Chemical Facilities Releases Susan Cutter June, 2008 to October, 2011
Preparedness for Catastrophic Events Hamilton Bean, Kathleen Smarick, Monica Schoch-Spana, Paul Harwood November, 2008 to November, 2010
The Role for State Governments in Community Resilience Ann Bowman June, 2008 to May, 2010
Community Field Studies and Analyses of Preparedness Networks Kathleen Tierney May, 2005 to September, 2009
Modeling and Simulation of Public Response to Threat and Attacks June, 2005 to June, 2009
Textual Analysis of Electronic Media Coverage of Homeland Security-Related Risks Lisa Keranen September, 2006 to May, 2009
School-Based Preparedness and Intervention Programs Terence Thornberry April, 2006 to May, 2009
National Household Survey Linda Bourque July, 2005 to May, 2009
Communicating Risk of Mass Casualty Terrorism in Diverse Communities Elaine Vaughan May, 2005 to May, 2009
Effective Organizational Communication During Crises: Learning from the 2001 Anthrax Attacks Caron Chess May, 2005 to May, 2009
Population Vulnerability Analysis, Spatial Social Science, and GIS Susan Cutter May, 2005 to May, 2009
Community Assessment of Resilience Tool (CART) Betty Pfefferbaum, Fran Norris June, 2005 to May, 2008
Best Practices for Preparing Communities: Citizen Engagement in Public Health Planning Monica Schoch-Spana May, 2005 to May, 2008
Project Title Publication Date START Authors Publication Type
A Case Study of Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Risk Communication in a Coastal Community June 2019 Petrun Sayers, Elizabeth Book Chapter
A Conceptual Framework to Enhance Community Resilience Using Social Capital August 2015 Pfefferbaum, Betty; Pfefferbaum, Rose Journal Article
A Public Health Systems View of Risk Communication About Zika April 2020 Schoch-Spana, Monica; Sell, Tara Kirk Journal Article
A Skill Set for Supporting Displaced Children in Psychological Recovery After Disasters July 2017 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
A Study of Selected Ethnic Affiliations in the Development of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Other Psychopathology After a Terrorist Bombing in Nairobi, Kenya September 2017 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
A Tragedy in Three Acts: COVID-19 and Compounding Crises October 2020 Koven, Barnett S.; Braniff, William Research Brief
All Terrorism is Local: Constructing Urban Coalitions for Homeland Security in the American Federal System August 2007 Chenoweth, Erica Conference Paper
An Examination of the Effect of Perceived Risk on Preparedness Behavior March 2012 Mileti, Dennis; Bourque, Linda Journal Article
Are Schools Prepared for Emergencies? An Assessment of Emergency Preparedness at School Sites in Three Los Angeles County School Districts February 2007 Bourque, Linda Journal Article
Assessing Community Reilience: A CART Survery Application in an Impoverished Urban Community May 2016 Pfefferbaum, Betty; Pfefferbaum, Rose Journal Article
Assessing Hospital System Resilience to Disaster Events Involving Physical Damage and Demand Surge July 2019 Miller-Hooks, Elise Journal Article
Building National Capacity for Child and Family Disaster Mental Health Research February 2010 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Building resilience to mass trauma events November 2006 Pfefferbaum, Betty; Pfefferbaum, Rose Book Chapter
Children and Families in the Context of Disasters: Implications for Preparedness and Response January 2008 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Citizen Engagement in Community Preparedness June 2006 Schoch-Spana, Monica Conference Paper
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Postdisaster Distress: A Community Based Treatment Program for Survivors of Hurricane Katrina November 2008 Norris, Fran Book Chapter
Community and ecological approaches to understanding and alleviating postdisaster distress November 2005 Norris, Fran Book Chapter
Community Engagement: Leadership Tool for Catastrophic Health Events May 2007 Schoch-Spana, Monica Journal Article
Community Resilience Interventions: Participatory, Assessment-Based, Action-Oriented Processes September 2014 Pfefferbaum, Betty; Pfefferbaum, Rose Journal Article
Concepts and Methods in the Study of International Crisis Management November 2005 Wilkenfeld, Jonathan Book Chapter
Conference Report--Disease, Disaster, and Democracy: The Public's Stake in Health Emergency Planning October 2006 Schoch-Spana, Monica Journal Article
Correlates of School Disaster Preparedness: Main Effects of Funding and a Coordinator Role July 2008 Bourque, Linda Journal Article
COVID-19: Implications for First Responders October 2020 Koven, Barnett S.; Braniff, William Presentation
Crisis and Risk Communication Scholarship of the Future: Reflections on Research Gaps March 2020 Liu, Brooke Journal Article
Cry Wolf Effect? Evaluating the Impact of False Alarms on Public Responses to Tornado Alerts in the Southeastern United States April 2019 Liu, Brooke; Egnoto, Michael Journal Article
Current Evidence for Selecting Disaster Interventions for Children and Adolescents April 2016 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Decisions in disaster recovery operations November 2013 Zhuang, Jun Book Chapter
Diffusing Portable Radiation Detectors Among First Responders: Device Acceptance and Implications for Community Resilience August 2016 Liu, Brooke; Petrun Sayers, Elizabeth; Ackerman, Gary; Roberts, Holly; Iles, Irina A. Book Chapter
Direct Effects: The Impact of COVID-19 on First Responders March 2020 Meehan, Nathan Research Brief
Disaster as a Social Problem and Social Construct March 2018 Tierney, Kathleen Book Chapter
Disasters: A Sociological Approach March 2019 Tierney, Kathleen Book
Do Direct Survivors of Terrorism Remaining in the Disaster Community Show Better Long-Term Outcome than Survivors Who Relocate? August 2017 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government November 2006 Tierney, Kathleen Book
English, Spanish, and Annotated Questionnaires: Questionnaires Used in the National Survey of Disaster Experiences and Preparedness (NSDEP) October 2008 Mileti, Dennis; Bourque, Linda Report
Environmental Effects: Changes in Demand for First Responders due to COVID-19 March 2020 Meehan, Nathan Research Brief
Evaluation of a National Effort to Reach Hurricane Katrina Survivors and Evacuees: The Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program April 2009 Norris, Fran Journal Article
Expanding the Public's Role in Health Emergency Policy June 2009 Norwood, Ann; Schoch-Spana, Monica Journal Article
Experiences with and Preparedness for Emergencies and Disasters Among Public Schools in California January 2007 Bourque, Linda Journal Article
Explosive Detection Technology Adoption: Findings from a General Population Survey October 2017 Liu, Brooke; Iles, Irina A.; Egnoto, Michael Research Brief
Factors in the Development of Community Resilience to Disasters November 2007 Pfefferbaum, Betty Book Chapter
Factors Predicting Crisis Counselor Referrals to Other Crisis Counseling, Disaster Relief, and Psychological Services: A A Cross-site Analysis of post-Katrina Programs April 2009 Norris, Fran Journal Article
First Aid Training and Capabilities of the Lay Public: Potential Alternative Sources of Emergency Medical Assistance Following Natural Disasters January 2005 Bourque, Linda Journal Article
Formulating Questions about PostDisaster Mental Health November 2005 Norris, Fran Book Chapter
How Communities Implement Successful Mitigation Programs: Insights From the Multihazard Mitigation Council (MMC) Community Study November 2008 Bourque, Linda Book Chapter
How Companies and Governments React to Disasters July 2016 Zhuang, Jun Journal Article
How Disaster Information Form, Source, Type, and Prior Disaster Exposure Affect Public Outcomes: Jumping on the Social Media Bandwagon? January 2015 Liu, Brooke; Fraustino, Julia; Jin, Yan Journal Article
How Mobile Home Residents Understand and Respond to Tornado Warnings April 2019 Liu, Brooke; Egnoto, Michael Journal Article
Hurricane Katrina: A Failure of Planning or a Planned Failure? November 2006 Cutter, Susan Book Chapter
Identification and Evaluation of Mental Health and Psychosocial Preparedness Resources From the Centers for Public Health Preparedness June 2005 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Immediate and Early Interventions for Children and Adolescents Post Terrorism April 2020 Pfefferbaum, Betty Book Chapter
Implementing Disaster Policy: Exploring Scale and Measurement Schemes for Disaster Resilience May 2019 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
Improving shadow evacuation management: Case study of the Graniteville, South Carolina chlorine spill January 2007 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
Indirect Effects: The Impact of COVID-19 on Organizations & Service Delivery March 2020 Meehan, Nathan Research Brief
Individuals’ Religiosity and Emotional Coping in Response to Disasters April 2019 Liu, Brooke; Roberts, Holly; Egnoto, Michael Journal Article
Influenza Vaccine Scarcity 2004–05: Implications for Biosecurity and Public Health Preparedness September 2005 Schoch-Spana, Monica Journal Article
Information Sharing During the University of Texas at Austin Active Shooter/Suicide Event September 2014 Egnoto, Michael Journal Article
Innovations in Disaster Mental Health Services and Evaluation: National, State, and Local Responses to Hurricane Katrina April 2009 Norris, Fran Journal Article
Integrating Authorities and Disciplines into the Preparedness-Planning Process: A Study of Mental Health, Public Health, and Emergency Management May 2007 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Intensely Exposed Oklahoma City Terrorism Survivors: Long-term Mental Health and Health Needs and Posttraumatic Growth January 2016 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Keeping Hospitals Operating During Disasters Through Crisis Communication Preparedness June 2018 Liu, Brooke; Herovic, Emina; Roberts, Holly Journal Article
Lessons From the Domestic Ebola Response: Improving Health Care System Resilience to High Consequence Infectious Diseases December 2017 Schoch-Spana, Monica; Sell, Tara Kirk Journal Article
Local Health Department Capacity for Community Engagement and Its Implications for Disaster Resilience June 2013 Schoch-Spana, Monica; Sell, Tara Journal Article
Measuring and Achieving Equity in Multiperiod Emergency Material Allocation June 2019 Bier, Vicki Journal Article
Media Coverage and Children's Reactions to Disaster with Implications for Primary Care and Public Health November 2008 Pfefferbaum, Betty; Regens, James; Pfefferbaum, Rose Journal Article
Methods for Disaster Mental Health Research November 2005 Norris, Fran Book
Milling and Public Warnings May 2017 Liu, Brooke; Mileti, Dennis; Bean, Hamilton; Sutton, Jeannette; Wood, Michele; Madden, Stephanie Journal Article
Model citizenship in the management of public health emergencies: The role of open government November 2007 Schoch-Spana, Monica Book Chapter
Modeling and Validating Public–Private Partnerships in Disaster Management May 2018 Zhuang, Jun Journal Article
Modeling Public-Private Partnerships in Disaster Management via Centralized and Decentralized Models October 2015 Zhuang, Jun Journal Article
Moral Hazard, Social Catastrophe: The Changing Face of Vulnerability along the Hurricane Coasts January 2006 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
Myth and Reality in International Politics: Meeting Global Challenges through Collective Action September 2015 Wilkenfeld, Jonathan Book
Partner Selection in Disaster Relief: Partnership Formation in the Presence of Incompatible Agencies September 2017 Zhuang, Jun Journal Article
Planning for Pet Evacuations During Disasters August 2008 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
Project Fact Sheet: Monitor and Mitigate: The Impact of COVID-19 on Public Safety September 2020 Pate, Amy; Koven, Barnett S.; Meehan, Nathan Research Brief
Provider Perspectives on Serving the Needs of Displaced Disaster Survivors Following Hurricane Katrina. November 2009 Pfefferbaum, Betty Book Chapter
Public Mental Health Surveillance and Monitoring November 2005 Norris, Fran Book Chapter
Public Schools Underprepared for Disasters October 2006 Research Brief
Questionnaire Specifications: Documentation of the National Survey of Disaster Experiences and Preparedness (NSDEP) October 2008 Mileti, Dennis; Bourque, Linda Report
Regional variation in causes of injuries among terrorism victims for mass casualty events August 2015 Regens, James Journal Article
Report: U.S. Attitudes toward Terrorism and Counterterrorism Before and After the April 2013 Boston Marathon Bombings October 2013 Adamczyk, Amy; LaFree, Gary; Tourangeau, Roger; Presser, Stanley START Reports
Response to Terrorism in America December 2008 Bourque, Linda Conference Paper
Return on Investment Analysis and its Applicability to Community Disaster Preparedness Activities: Calculating Costs and Returns August 2019 Tierney, Kathleen Journal Article
Risk and Crisis Communication in Schools: Understanding Current Challenges and Opportunities June 2019 Liu, Brooke; Roberts, Holly; Egnoto, Michael; Page, Tyler Book Chapter
Risk in Extreme Environments: Preparing, Avoiding, Mitigating, and Managing January 2018 Bier, Vicki Book
Rumor Response, Debunking Response, and Decision Makings of Misinformed Twitter Users during Disasters May 2018 Zhuang, Jun Journal Article
Service characteristics and counseling outcomes: Lessons from a cross-site evaluation of crisis counseling after Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma January 2009 Norris, Fran Journal Article
Social Equity in Local Emergency Management Planning December 2009 Boyd, Marcus A. Journal Article
Social Media Use during Disasters: A Review of the Knowledge Base and Gaps December 2012 Liu, Brooke; Fraustino, Julia; Jin, Yan START Reports
Social Media Use during Disasters Fact Sheet May 2013 Liu, Brooke; Fraustino, Julia; Jin, Yan Project Fact Sheet
Social Media Use During Disasters: How Information Form and Source Influence Intended Behavioral Responses June 2016 Liu, Brooke; Fraustino, Julia; Jin, Yan Journal Article
Spatial Analysis of U.S. Terrorism Incidents November 2017 Smith, Brent Research Brief
Spatial patterns of natural hazard mortality in the United States January 2008 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
START Annual Meeting 2016: Quick-Fire Presentation - Unconventional Weapons and Technology, Political Instability, Risk Communication October 2016 Ackerman, Gary; LaFree, Gary; Roberts, Holly; Halverson, James; Binder, Markus; Egnoto, Michael; Sin, Steve Presentation
Strategies for Improved Hospital Response to Mass Casualty Incidents March 2018 Miller-Hooks, Elise Journal Article
Strategies for Incident Preparedness Planning Considerations for Complex Medical Events, 3rd Ed. November 2005 Book
Terrorism Preparedness and Exposure Reduction since 9/11: The Status of Public Readiness in the United States January 2011 Mileti, Dennis; Bourque, Linda Journal Article
Terse Message Amplification in the Boston Bombing Response May 2014 Sutton, Jeannette Conference Paper
Testimony on Needed Emergency Management Reforms January 2007 Tierney, Kathleen Journal Article
That's a Myth! Teaching about Disaster Myths through Experiential Learning November 2018 Sutton, Jeannette Journal Article
The business of healing: Focus group discussions of readjustment to the post-9/11 work environment among workers of affected agencies January 2010 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
The Community Speaks: Understanding Ethical Values in Allocation of Scarce Lifesaving Resources during Disasters June 2014 Schoch-Spana, Monica Journal Article
The Frontiers of Uncertainty Estimation in Interdisciplinary Disaster Research and Practice May 2019 Sutton, Jeannette Journal Article
The Impact of Disasters and Political Violence on Mental Health in Latin America October 2009 Norris, Fran Journal Article
The Landscape of Disaster Resilience Indicators in the USA September 2015 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
The Long Road Home: Race, Class, and Recovery from Hurricane Katrina March 2006 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
The Precarious Nature of Food April 2015 Cutter, Susan Op-ed
The Red Pill October 2005 Tierney, Kathleen Report
The Role of Communication in Healthcare Systems and Community Resilience September 2017 Liu, Brooke; Petrun Sayers, Elizabeth; Roberts, Holly; Egnoto, Michael Journal Article
The Role of Homeland Security Information Bulletins within Emergency Management Organizations: A Case Study of Enactment July 2007 Bean, Hamilton; Keranen, Lisa Journal Article
The Role of Public Health in Mental and Behavioral Health in Children and Families Following Disasters January 2009 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
The SPARS Pandemic 2025–2028: A Futuristic Scenario to Facilitate Medical Countermeasure Communication March 2020 Schoch-Spana, Monica; Sell, Tara Kirk Journal Article
The Study of Mobile Public Warning Messages: A Research Review and Agenda February 2015 Liu, Brooke; Mileti, Dennis; Bean, Hamilton; Sutton, Jeannette; Wood, Michele; Madden, Stephanie Journal Article
The Terrorists' Planning Cycle: Patterns of Pre-incident Behaviors January 2017 Smith, Brent; Damphousse, Kelly; Roberts, Paxton Book Chapter
Too Many Patients…A Framework to Guide Statewide Allocation of Scarce Mechanical Ventilation During Disasters October 2018 Schoch-Spana, Monica Journal Article
Training for Disaster Response Personnel: The Development of Proposed Core Competencies in Disaster Mental Health January 2007 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Training in Risk and Crisis Communication Modules: Project Fact Sheet December 2013 Liu, Brooke; Petrun, Elizabeth Project Fact Sheet
Trusted Partnership or Tentative Courtship: Exploring the Culture of Information Sharing Across Local and Federal Emergency Preparedness Organizations January 2008 Bean, Hamilton; Keranen, Lisa Conference Paper
U.S. Emergency Management in the 21st Century: From Disaster to Catastrophe December 2019 Cutter, Susan Book
Understanding and Mitigating the Impacts of Massive Relocations Due to Disasters April 2017 Bier, Vicki Journal Article
Universal Preventive Interventions for Children in the Context of Disasters and Terrorism April 2014 Pfefferbaum, Betty Journal Article
Urban-Rural Differences in Disaster Resilience July 2016 Cutter, Susan Journal Article
Validation of the Nationwide Suspicious Activity Reporting (SAR) Initiative: Identifying Suspicious Activities from the Extremist Crime Database (ECDB) and the American Terrorism Study (ATS) February 2015 Smith, Brent; Gruenewald, Jeff; Freilich, Joshua; Roberts, Paxton; Chermak, Steven; Parkin, William START Reports
Validation of the Short Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Rating Interview as a Measure of Post-Disaster Distress and Treatment Need July 2008 Norris, Fran Journal Article
What it Takes to Get Passed On: Message Content, Style, and Structure as Predictors of Retransmission in the Boston Marathon Bombing Response August 2015 Sutton, Jeannette Journal Article
Who Prepares for Terrorism? April 2012 Mileti, Dennis; Bourque, Linda Journal Article
Willingness to Click: Risk Information Seeking during Imminent Threats August 2017 Sutton, Jeannette Journal Article
“Death was not in the agenda for the day”: Emotions, Behavioral Reactions, and Perceptions in Response to the 2018 Hawaii Wireless Emergency Alert February 2019 Sutton, Jeannette Journal Article
Title Byline
START to conduct training for fire intel officers in National Capital Region Jessica Rivinius
START launches new training course on understanding and preventing radicalization to violence and violent extremism Jessica Rivinius
Center of Excellence collaboration examines critical infrastructure Jessica Rivinius
Scouting out risk communication field research Aileen St. Leger, Jessica Rivinius
Engineered for resilience Jessica Rivinius
Study shows longer emergency text alerts improve safety Jessica Rivinius
START reaches out to dozens of middle and high schoolers Emily Smith
Researcher Spotlight: Dr. Jun Zhuang Keri Enriquez
‘Best practices in crisis communications’
START seeking 2014 Outstanding Article Award nominations Jessica Rivinius
START participates in UMD’s ‘Constitution Day 3.0’ Mary Beck
Discussion Point: 'Keep Wicked Calm and Carry the Hell On': Boston, Terrorism and the Rhetorical Power of Resilience Hamilton Bean, Lisa Keranen
Have you seen it yet? START Research Review
START Releases First Research Review
START Announces 2009 Curriculum Development Grant Recipients
*New Training Program* Crisis Manager's Course: Leadership for Catastrophic Events
START Expands its Research Brief Series
START Partners with ICPSR to Launch Terrorism & Preparedness Data Resource Center
Research Internships Available for Fall 2007 at the University of Maryland
START Site Launched at Lessons Learned Information Sharing (LLIS.gov)
Post-Doc Opportunity for Information Management Expert for Data Archive
SC's Hazards & Vulnerability Research Institute releases Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI)
START Launches Research Brief Series
START Researchers Featured in TIME Magazine
Natural Hazards Center co-sponsors Capitol Hill event on critical hazards facing the U.S.
Tierney to Host Web Chat on Preparedness with National City Network
START Investigator Provides Key Oversight for Cost/Benefit Analysis of FEMA-funded Mitigation
START investigator, Susan Cutter, advises Congress
START Announces Fellowships for 2005-06
Image Title Job Title Institution
Alexandra Williams

Junior Researcher

 University of Maryland
Photo of Brooke Liu Brooke Liu

Professor of Communication and START Affiliated Faculty Member

 University of Maryland
Devin Ellis

Policy & Research Program Director, ICONS Project

 University of Maryland
Holly Roberts

Strategic Communications Lead, Akoya; University of Maryland Lecturer
Marcus A. Boyd

Senior Researcher, GIS, START

Director, Graduate Studies, START

 University of Maryland
Nathan Meehan

Director of Research and Development, Second Sight Training Systems, LLC

 Second Sight Training Systems, LLC
Samuel D. Henkin

Assistant Research Scientist, START

 University of Maryland
Steve Sin

Director, Unconventional Weapons and Technology (UWT)

Subject Matter Expert Instructor, National Center for Security & Preparedness

 University of Maryland
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